Process for the rendering and or digesting of subjects containing fats and in the separating of the products for useful purposes



Nova 24 1'9310 1,

I SUBJECTS CONTAINING FATS -OF THE PRODUCTS FOR USEFUL PURPOSES PROCESS FOR THE RENDERING AND AND IN THE SEPARATING Jim f W 7 Hill: o 2 I n I 9 0o w 2 n a 5 TI Ll 0 OH n .o a 8 1.111 1 n. o w o o e o o e oo o o o o o o 9 o J. o p: a uooo o o o on o 1 m 2 8 I w II I I! ll 1 M 9 mm Patented Nov. 24, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE*- JOHN ROBERT. CULLEN', or mvnnocx, NEAR SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH wALEsAUsTRALIL,

ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALETO M. .en Rm & son's LIMITED; or MASCOT', N R SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, A CORPORATION on NEW scum WALES A Y rnocnss r03. THE RENDERING Ami/on DIGESTING or simmers CONT INING .FATS AND IN THE SEPARATING on THE rnonuors ron USEFUL PURrosEs Application filed June 30, 1928, Serial No. 289,509, and in Australia September 26, 1927."

This invention relates to the rendering and digesting of subjects containing fats and particularly animal fats meat residues offal and orslaughter-house and like refuse gen,- erall also and primarily butchers shop refuse for the purpose of separating the valuable fats therefrom and for the purpose of grading the residual meaty parts thereof and the nitrogenous and phosphoric properties of the boneparts and converting these into food for animals and for the purpose of converting into fertilizers any remainder unsuitable for such food. And this invent on has been specially devised to achieve the stated objects by a simple process and in peculiarlyconstructed simple apparatus and .this without destroying or disassocia'ting therefrom the gelatinousand nitrogenous constituents of such material but retaining them 'in the meaty products and such process being generally more economical' efiective and hygienical than those heretofore devised besides producing a higher percentage of food fats and fertilizers. V According to this invention the process is applied in a plant or apparatuscomprising a new andimproved vessel'or digester wh ch is a vertical stationary jacketed or double walled cylinder having preferably a similarlyjacketed bottom wall'and'the inner barrel of which is the cooker 'or digester proper while the jacket is for the heating steam. In the barrel is an interstitial dia phragm or screendividing or separating the 85 lower part or depositaryof thebarrel from the major upper part or cookery. said depositary being of A suchcapacity in proportion to the cookery to hold all the fats rendered and on thisrdiaphragm are; erected pierced draining tubes or cones which pref erably are of interstitial materialand preferably are removable to facilitate charging and discharging'the barrel;

' The digester hasa feedingorificeof-suitably large'size through its unj'a cketed top wall and also has a discharge orifice with cover from'the barrel through the annular jacket at a joint just above the diaphragm. A blow down or discharge valve-is provided through the bottom wall at the lowest point below the diaphragm and the digester has also a steam supply service with valve thereon and the top wall hasa vent with a control valve and a safety valve A pipe leads from said vent to a condenser and preferably there is an exhaust service to a suction pump or vacuum tank. Th'e'jjacket also has acon venient steam service and control valve and bottom drain pipe with steam vation of the digester and Fig. isa sec-f tional plan on line Fig. l. m

The digester is a doubled Wall cylinder forming a barrel with ana-n'nular jacket 6 and it is suitably stayed asat 7 and-supported vertically by. suitable means '(not shown). The digester top 8 is preferably unjacketed and hasthrough it" a charging orifice'9 and its steam tightdoor 10 has lockingbolt 11 inbridge 12. A discharging orifice l3 from the barrel 7 is through the jacket 6 and 'it has'a'steam tight door 14 withlocking bolt '15. The 'di' gester bottom 16 is'a double walled formingjacket 17 open to the jacket 6. The barrel 5 has an interstitial diaphragm or screen bottom 18' separating depositary 19 from cookeryY 2O oil-which stands a draining tube or "cone ."21 say of int'erstitial 'material'which are so positioned as to-insure and facilitate effectivecomplete drainage of the "cookery charge-on the diaphragm 18 and to prevent solid packing of the material; A discharge pipe 22 from the bottom of the'depositary 19 passes through thejacket 17 and hasthereon a blow down ordischarge valve23 In the digester bottom 16 is a steam supply valve'24 andin the top 8 is preferably an additional supply valve 25 a blow off valve 26 and asafety valve27. A valve 28 on the jacketadmits steam to the'jacket1617 and there is a drain pipe and cook 29 from saidjqja'c'ket which in" To render and digest fat containing subjects according to the before described process the barrel 5 is charged to its near-ca pacity or otherwise with said subject and the doors 1() and 14 tightly closed. Steam is admitted both to the barrel and to the jacket through the valves 2% and '28 but at difierent degrees of pressure or heat: provi-d ing that the heat in the barrel is consider-.

ably lower than the heat in the jacket the barrel steam preferably being a reduced pressure steam and which to reduce its pressure is passed through a-reduoing valve and is owing to such action a much drier steam.

vAnd it has been foundin practicewhen treating e i l ater s that in th arrel 5 a piessure'of the order of five (5,) to twenty poundsjper square inch is. most efficient when at the same time in the jacket a pressure in excess, thereof by say twenty pounds per square inch is maintained, though for treating inedible material these pressures are proportionately increased, to y t r y (t 9, i y P d P square inch in the barrel and in the jacket respectivelvr t I l T e steam ad itted to the barrel 5 o s tini1ous1y flows or perco ates through the ha ge and fr ly exhausts through bl w ofi vane 26 urther steam. entering andtaking tsplace The co ti uou admission and. ex ha'ilsting of'the steani-inthe charg and this i asfhe for'e stated at'asubstantially lower tem- V andor othernoxious gases arising fromthe material minglewith the barrel steam and escape withit. Further the higher pressure wi h. onseque y ighe tom erature. at tained i the jacket, is arrange to increase the heat; of the barrel steam (not superheat) justjsufficiently to thoroughly cook; the ma terial; It is important that water 'orliquid be'separated from the materialbeingtreatid for, suclrwateror liquid being a great-solentdis ciates he su phur'com'pound from thcimater al fo ming s lph t ed hyd ogen Y (Has). which as; Well as be ng n xious is dot rirnental to the charge and t0. the digester again. t e absence of condensation in t e barrel ensu st at he gel tin us and or nitrog nous cons tuents ofthe charge are not; separated. th refrom or dissolved and that the treated material may be removed from the barrel practically dry while the gelatinous matter in such material will bind the whole together so that it will after short exposure to the atmosphere or a very short period in d'riers become .dissicatedand'brittle and grindable. As rendering proceeds the heat of the barrel and the steam percolating upwardlythrough the material 'releases the fatsffrom the digesting charge and without scorching, these fats owing to theoompara tively low temperature of the process and saidfats, passes through the tube '21 and the diaphragm" 18 into the depositary 19 and are own therefrom fromtime to time by closing the steam supply VaIVeQ Lbp'ening steam supply valve andopening of the blow down valve23. I Fats obtained by this process are mmediately ready for commercial use beingpractically separated from the meat juices. and or other emulsified matter iisuah 1' 1y found in fats rendered,- by process heretofore and such fats rarely require further treatment or even washing.

As in all cookingtosts of the, charge must bemacle irom time-totime as to its'suificiency and; a specimen .ofthe bei ngtreated. charge should be withdrawn at intervalsfrorn the barrel and an experienced attendant will quic ly adiudge.; therefrom ,the next with: drawal at a specimen.

on as. towhther the z.

cooking is complete; When. thi stage i eached thQ'S Qflm supply to thejbarrelJs stopped and preferably a suctronfrom the suotionqpump applied thereto. to;- drawthe steam t/hBIQfi'OIQJ; when the. charge -is removedthedry ng; is completed either in 1 the open; a ror d iers and: dep g" o he qualityofr'cthe charge: that is. it? the bonecon: stituent's were-green the whole may beground intoiood or if the bones arebleached'orother- ,Wise low; in) nitrogen the charge ;.is passed over sirwesv and such, bones extracted for grinding-into fertilizers 1 A; pr cess for rendering andfcligesting c;

matter: containing". fats, said 1 proc ss consisting: in. heating the matter vin an; externally heated digestion ofathe st'eamjaoketed tyrpeein the presence of a oontinuousfiowing current of new steampassingthrough the'charge of matten'in the digester,"thesteam beingof i suchdryness, temperature and pressure as will absorb the gasesjo-fi-the matter'under treatment; render the fats contained in the matter, vaporize the moisture of the matter, 7

andiexliaust'thel resultantvapors f om the difgester; draining'theresultant rats; fromthe charge; discharging "such. fats from the 1 (h gcster; and; continuing uthe' passing of the Stcamthrough the charge until the residual matter is digested; the; steam passing through thesteam jacket for heatingv the charge of matter; inthe: digester; beingat a, considerably; greater pressu're thanthe. steam. flowing name to this specification.

. digester; draining the resultant fats from the charge; discharging such fats from the digester; and continuing the passing of the steam through the charge until the residual matter is digested; the steam passing through the charge Within the digester ranging from five to forty pounds per square inch, while the steam passing through the jacket of the digester ranges proportionately thereto from r I thirty to eighty pounds per square inch.

In testimony whereof I have signed my JOHN ROBERT OULLEN. 

